本文給出一個例子,展示了在Aspose.Words for Java使用中，如何創建您自己的MergeField類,它代表在Word文檔中的一個單獨合并字段,并允許獲取或設置它的名稱。

package Examples;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import com.aspose.words.Document;
import com.aspose.words.NodeCollection;
import com.aspose.words.NodeType;
import com.aspose.words.FieldStart;
import com.aspose.words.FieldType;
import com.aspose.words.Run;
import com.aspose.words.Node;

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;


/**
 * Shows how to rename merge fields in a Word document.
 */
public class ExRenameMergeFields extends ExBase
{
    /**
     * Finds all merge fields in a Word document and changes their names.
     */
    public void renameMergeFields() throws Exception
    {
        // Specify your document name here.
        Document doc = new Document(getMyDir() + "RenameMergeFields.doc");

        // Select all field start nodes so we can find the merge fields.
        NodeCollection fieldStarts = doc.getChildNodes(NodeType.FIELD_START, true);
        for (FieldStart fieldStart : (Iterable<FieldStart>) fieldStarts)
        {
            if (fieldStart.getFieldType() == FieldType.FIELD_MERGE_FIELD)
            {
                MergeField mergeField = new MergeField(fieldStart);
                mergeField.setName(mergeField.getName() + "_Renamed");
            }
        }

        doc.save(getMyDir() + "RenameMergeFields Out.doc");
    }
}

/**
 * Represents a facade object for a merge field in a Microsoft Word document.
 */
class MergeField
{
    MergeField(FieldStart fieldStart) throws Exception
    {
        if (fieldStart.equals(null))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("fieldStart");
        if (fieldStart.getFieldType() != FieldType.FIELD_MERGE_FIELD)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Field start type must be FieldMergeField.");

        mFieldStart = fieldStart;

        // Find the field separator node.
        mFieldSeparator = findNextSibling(mFieldStart, NodeType.FIELD_SEPARATOR);
        if (mFieldSeparator == null)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot find field separator.");

        // Find the field end node. Normally field end will always be found, but in the example document
        // there happens to be a paragraph break included in the hyperlink and this puts the field end
        // in the next paragraph. It will be much more complicated to handle fields which span several
        // paragraphs correctly, but in this case allowing field end to be null is enough for our purposes.
        mFieldEnd = findNextSibling(mFieldSeparator, NodeType.FIELD_END);
    }

    /**
     * Gets or sets the name of the merge field.
     */
    String getName() throws Exception
    {
        String fieldResult = getTextSameParent(mFieldSeparator.getNextSibling(), mFieldEnd);
        int startPos = fieldResult.indexOf("«");
        startPos = (startPos >= 0) ? startPos + 1 : 0;

        int endPos = fieldResult.indexOf("»");
        endPos = (endPos >= 0) ? endPos : fieldResult.length();

        return fieldResult.substring(startPos, endPos);
    }
    void setName(String value) throws Exception
    {
        // Merge field name is stored in the field result which is a Run
        // node between field separator and field end.
        Run fieldResult = (Run)mFieldSeparator.getNextSibling();
        fieldResult.setText(java.text.MessageFormat.format("«{0}»", value));

        // But sometimes the field result can consist of more than one run, delete these runs.
        removeSameParent(fieldResult.getNextSibling(), mFieldEnd);

        updateFieldCode(value);
    }

    private void updateFieldCode(String fieldName) throws Exception
    {
        // Field code is stored in a Run node between field start and field separator.
        Run fieldCode = (Run)mFieldStart.getNextSibling();
        Matcher matcher = G_REGEX.matcher(fieldCode.getText());

        matcher.find();

        String newFieldCode = java.text.MessageFormat.format(" {0}{1} ", matcher.group(1).toString(), fieldName);
        fieldCode.setText(newFieldCode);

        // But sometimes the field code can consist of more than one run, delete these runs.
        removeSameParent(fieldCode.getNextSibling(), mFieldSeparator);
    }

    /**
     * Goes through siblings starting from the start node until it finds a node of the specified type or null.
     */
    private static Node findNextSibling(Node startNode, int nodeType) throws Exception
    {
        for (Node node = startNode; node != null; node = node.getNextSibling())
        {
            if (node.getNodeType() == nodeType)
                return node;
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves text from start up to but not including the end node.
     */
    private static String getTextSameParent(Node startNode, Node endNode) throws Exception
    {
        if ((endNode != null) && (startNode.getParentNode() != endNode.getParentNode()))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start and end nodes are expected to have the same parent.");

        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        for (Node child = startNode; !child.equals(endNode); child = child.getNextSibling())
            builder.append(child.getText());

        return builder.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Removes nodes from start up to but not including the end node.
     * Start and end are assumed to have the same parent.
     */
    private static void removeSameParent(Node startNode, Node endNode) throws Exception
    {
        if ((endNode != null) && (startNode.getParentNode() != endNode.getParentNode()))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start and end nodes are expected to have the same parent.");

        Node curChild = startNode;
        while ((curChild != null) && (curChild != endNode))
        {
            Node nextChild = curChild.getNextSibling();
            curChild.remove();
            curChild = nextChild;
        }
    }

    private final Node mFieldStart;
    private final Node mFieldSeparator;
    private final Node mFieldEnd;

    private static final Pattern G_REGEX = Pattern.compile("\\s*(MERGEFIELD\\s|)(\\s|)(\\S+)\\s+");
}